Chapter+10

section 1:
deoxyribose - a phosphate group which consists of a phosphorus, P, atom surrounded by oxygen, O, atoms nitrogen-containg base - a molecule of DNA that contains a nitrogen, N, atom. Adenine - a nitrogen-containing base that is a component of a nucleotide Guanine - a nitrongen-containing base found in DNA which pairs with cytosine Cytosine - a nitrogen-containing base found in DNA which pairs with guanine Thymine - a nitrogen-containing base found in DNA which pairs with adenine Base-pairing rule - rule stating that in DNA, cytosine pairs with guanine and adenine ppairs with thymine and in RNA, adenine pairs with uracil DNA polymerase - enzyme that binds to the separated strands of DNA and assembles wach strand's complementin replication helicase - enzyme that separates DNA strands before replication mutation - change in DNA purine - organic molecule that has a double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms pyrimidine - organic molecule that had a single ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms replication - process by which DNA copies itself during iterphase replication fork - points at which the DNA strands separate during replication

section 2:
<span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Messanger RNA (mRNA) - carries genetic infor from DNa in the nucleus out to the cystol! <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">promoter - a nucleotide sequence that, when attached to an RNA polymerase molecule, will initiate transcription of a specific structural gene <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">ribose - the five-carbon sugar in RNA <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - make up ribosomes, in a globular shape! <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">RNA polymerase - the primary transcription enzyme <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">termination signal - a specific sequence of nucleotides that marks the end of a gene in eukaryotes <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">transcription - the process in which RNA is made from DNA <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">tranfer RNA (tRNA) - binds to specific amino acids, hair pin shape! <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">uracil - a nitrogen-containing base found in RNA

<span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">section 3:
<span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">anticodon - a region of tRNA consisting of three bases complementary to the codon of mRNA <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">codon - a group of three sequential nitrogen bases of an mRNA molecule <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">genetic code - triplets of nucleotides in mRNA that determine the sequence of amino acids in protein <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">protein synthesis - the formation of proteins using information coded on DNA and carried by RNA <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">start codon - the codon AUG which engages a ribosome to start translating an mRNA molecule <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">stop codon - causes the ribosome to stop translating mRNA <span style="background-color: #f0adf0; color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">translation - the process of converting the genetic code in RNA into the amino acid sequence that makes up a protein

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